Using different bases makes it easier to see how someone might feel when learning arithmetic for the first time. A base determines how many numbers it will include. For example, base 5 has the numbers 0, 1, 2, 3, and 4. Numbers five or greater cannot be used. A good way to learn to use a different base is by using manipulatives or base pieces, or other hands on materials. Another method is to use "scoops" (circling marks on the page to show how much of something is needed. The sharing method involves making a table for division & "sharing" the pieces among the group.
As you can see, there are many different methods for finding an answer. I usually find one method that works the best, but it's also important to try all the different methods.
This site explains how the numbers in base 5 work. It gives a lot of information.
http://www.basic-mathematics.com/base-five.html
This site is very descriptive about arithmetic in other bases
http://mathforum.org/library/drmath/view/55727.html
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